What fundamental rights are protected by the First Amendment?

The First Amendment of the United States Constitution is a cornerstone of American democracy, explicitly protecting several fundamental rights. These rights include the freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and the right to petition the government. The protection of freedom of religion ensures individuals can practice their faith without government interference or coercion. Similarly, the freedom of speech allows individuals to express their thoughts, ideas, and opinions freely, which is essential to a democratic society where diverse viewpoints can be expressed and debated.

The other choices relate to different amendments in the Bill of Rights. The right to bear arms is protected by the Second Amendment, while the protection against unreasonable searches and seizures is covered by the Fourth Amendment. The right to a fair trial falls under the Sixth Amendment. Understanding the specific rights guaranteed by the First Amendment highlights its crucial role in safeguarding individual liberties and promoting open discourse within society.