When did Texas become an independent republic?

Texas became an independent republic on March 2, 1836, marking the day when the Texas Declaration of Independence was adopted. This pivotal moment in history signified Texas's break from Mexican rule and the establishment of the Republic of Texas. The declaration was a response to a growing dissatisfaction with the governance from Mexico, particularly under President Antonio López de Santa Anna.

By declaring independence on this date, the leaders of Texas, including figures such as Sam Houston and William B. Travis, laid the groundwork for future events, including the subsequent battles fought for sovereignty, notably the decisive Battle of San Jacinto on April 21, 1836. While the other options denote significant dates in Texas's history—like its annexation into the United States or subsequent statehood—March 2, 1836, specifically represents the moment Texas officially declared itself independent, making it the correct choice in this context.