Which statement correctly defines formative assessment?

Formative assessment is defined as an ongoing process that occurs during the learning experience, allowing educators to gather feedback on student understanding and skills while instruction is still taking place. This type of assessment is designed to inform teaching practices and improve student learning outcomes by identifying areas where students may be struggling or excelling. Teachers can then adjust their instructional strategies in real time, offer additional support, or provide enrichment opportunities, ensuring that every student can meet learning objectives.

This approach contrasts with assessments that are conducted at the end of an instructional unit, which serve primarily to evaluate cumulative understanding rather than enhance the learning process. Similarly, focuses on final projects and presentations do not fit the definition of formative assessment, as those are typically more aligned with summative assessments. Lastly, formative assessments can often be more collaborative and interactive, engaging students in their own learning, unlike summative assessments, which are usually more formal and evaluative.